Peppermint oil
Properties: Hair Growth
Contains: Menthol
Peppermint oil was found to promote better hair growth compared to jojoba oil and minoxidil. In a study, a 4-week topical application proved that the oil induced very thick and long hair. Moreover, the increase in hair follicle length was associated with an increase in the length of the keratinized hair shaft, without any loss of its internal architecture.
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Lemongrass
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Citral
Citral, a major component of lemongrass oil, has been shown to inhibit the production of IL-1β and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated alveolar macrophages of normal mice. Essential oils whose main components include citral, geranial, neral, and carvone have been found to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Another study also demonstrated the ability of essential oils to suppress TNF-α-induced neutrophil adherence responses.
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Frankincense
Properties: Antiinflammatory
Contains: Terpenes
Frankicense oil significantly reduced the levels of IP-10 and ICAM-1, important pro-inflammatory biomarkers, suggesting its anti-inflammatory potential. Alpha-pinene, the top constituent of the oil, showed anti-inflammatory properties in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mouse macrophages through inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, nitric oxide, and mitogen activated protein kinases.
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Lavender
Properties: Antiinflammatory
Contains: Cineole | Camphor
Studies demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity of 1,8-cineole (as major constituent of lavender oil) by inhibition of cytokine production (such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin- (IL-) 1β) and arachidonic acid metabolism and decrease of TNF and IL-1β production, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression.
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Caffeine
Properties: Vasoconstriction
Contains: Caffeine
A study of 27 healthy adults showed – for the first time – that drinking a cup of caffeinated coffee significantly improved blood flow in a finger, which is a measure of how well the inner lining of the body’s smaller blood vessels work. Specifically, participants who drank a cup of caffeinated coffee had a 30 percent increase in blood flow over a 75-minute period compared to those who drank decaffeinated coffee.
Source
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/11/131120111950.htm
Immortelle
Properties: Antiinflammatory
Contains: Flavonoids | Terpenes
The flavonoids gnaphaliin and pinocembrin isolated from the methanolic extract of Helichrysum italicum were also able to inhibit the production of leukotriene B4. Both the whole acetone extract and arzanol obtained from Helichrysum italicum subsp. microphyllum displayed a potent inhibitory effect upon nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity. Moreover, arzanol inhibited the production of IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, IL-8 and PGE2 in human peripheral monocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharides (LPS).
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24239849
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/258635310_Helichrysum_italicum_From_traditional_use_to_scientific_data
Ylang ylang
Properties: Antioxidant | Antiinflammatory
Contains: Terpenes | Flavonoids | Tannins
The antioxidant activity of C. odorata extracts was evaluated using DPPH assay to determine the free radical scavenging abilities of the extracts. The result of the study revealed that the ethyl acetate extract of the stem bark of C. odorata exhibited the highest percentage of DPPH inhibition (79%) as compared to other tested plant extracts.
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Stevia leaf
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Flavonoids | Phenolic acids
Apple extracts showed also strong antioxidant activity even though the total phenolic contents were low. S. rebaudiana extract had a higher total phenolic content so its antioxidant activity is greater. Protective effects of flavonoids in biological systems are ascribed to their capacity to transfer electrons to free radicals, chelate metal catalysts, activate antioxidant enzymes, reduce alpha-tocopherol radicals and inhibit oxidases.
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Patchouli oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Patchoulol
patchouli oil markedly decreased levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and nitric oxide (NO), but increased levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). It was also shown to significantly downregulate the protein and mRNA expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric-oxide synthase (iNOS).
Source
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874114002955?via%3Dihub
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2017/1089028/
Astaxanthin
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Astaxanthin
Comparative studies examining the photoprotective effects of carotenoids have demonstrated that astaxanthin is a superior antioxidant, having greater antioxidant capacity than canthaxanthin and β-carotene in human dermal fibroblasts. In particular, astaxanthin inhibits ROS formation and modulates the expression of oxidative stress-responsive enzymes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1).
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Cedarwood oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Hair Growth
Contains: Terpenes | Cedrol
An aromatherapy trial with cedarwood oil had an improvement rate of 44% and is comparable to and possibly of more benefit than trials of conventional therapies for alopecia areata. Compared with these other treatments, its safety is also greater, offering a better therapeutic ratio.
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Prickly pear
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids
The analysis of cactus seed oil demonstrated a strong antioxidant abilities estimated by their capability to reduce oxidation. In addition, the obtained results showed the potent scavenging activity of cactus seed oil compared to the control (ascorbic acid). The obtained DPPH scavenging activities were 36.5-78.1% and 46.5- 81.3% for cactus seed oil extraction and ascorbic acid.
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Rhodiola rosea
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Polyphenols
Salidroside inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) through the blocking of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Further studies also revealed that salidroside inhibited the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and subsequent caspase-1 cleavage as well as IL-1β secretion both in vivo and in vitro through up-regulation of SIRT1 expression.
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Kukui nut
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty acids
The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was determined using carrageenan induced rat paw oedema assay. The methanolic extract of Aleurites moluccana leaves significantly decreased the paw edema induced by carrageenin in rats at the dose of 300 mg/kg comparable to diclofenac (20 mg/kg).
Source
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.607.4720&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22776834
Dandelion extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Polyphenols
It was found that dandelion extracts significantly reversed UVB irradiation-induced MMP activity and ROS generation when added either before or after UVB irradiation. Topical application of the extract rescued the cells from UVB-induced cell death. In a study, dandelion flower extract protected H2O2-induced cell ageing by 73.3%.
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Moringa oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols | Phenolic acids
The radical scavenging and antioxidant activities of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of freeze-dried leaves of moringa oil were investigated. It was found that different leaf extracts inhibited 89.7–92.0% of peroxidation of linoleic acid and had scavenging activities on superoxide radicals in a dose-dependent manner in the β-carotene-linoleic acid system. The extract of moringa oil leaves also inhibited human macrophage cytokine production (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-8).
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Coconut oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Phenolic acids
In one study, coconut oil showed concentration dependent protection against intracellular reactive oxygen species produced by UVB irradiation. Another study demonstrated that topical application of coconut oil bring anti inflammatory activity by inhibiting the various cytokine levels including TNF-α, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-5 and IL-8 and improves skin barrier function by up regulating AQP-3, filaggrin and involucrin mRNA expression and also by protecting against UVB irradiation.
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Pumpkin seed oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Hair Growth
Contains: Fatty acids | Polyphenols | Sterols
Pumpkin seed oil (PSO) has been shown to block the action of 5-alpha reductase and to have antiandrogenic effects on rats. In a study, after 12 and 24 weeks, there were 30% and 40% mean increases in hair counts from baseline in PSO-treated men and 5% and 10% increases in hair count in placebo-treated men.
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Evening primrose oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Hair Growth
Contains: Fatty acids | Polyphenols | Phenolic acids | Sterols
After treatment with arachidonic acid, found in Evening Primrose oil, for 24 hours, the levels of mRNA expression for FGF-7 and FGF-10, which are known to stimulate hair growth, exhibited a marked increase in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNA, another potent inducer of hair growth, also significantly increased.
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Sage oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Thujone | Cineole | Sclareol | Camphor
Sclareol isolated from Salvia officinalis enhanced cellular proliferation and blocked UVB-induced cell death. Sclareol inhibited the UVB-induced mRNA expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by regulating the protein expression of AP-1 constituents. In RHE model, sclareol recovered the UVB-induced decrease in epidermal thickness and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA).
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27466023
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003706/
Vanilla oil
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Vanillin
Extract compounds were screened for antioxidant activity using β-carotene-linoleate and DPPH in vitro model systems. The extract showed 26% and 43% of antioxidant activity, respectively, in comparison to corresponding values of 93% and 92% for BHA.
Source
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/jf071349%2B
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/jsfa.2740480107
Aloe vera extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Polysaccharides
Aloe vera’s healing property is related to a compound that is called glucomannan. The glucomannan affects fibroblast growth factor and stimulates the activity and proliferation of these cells and in turn improves collagen production and secretion. Treatment with aloe vera has accelerated the trend of healing of skin wounds, the rising rate of expression in gene of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and TGF β-1 in the area of wound in skin of rats. In this case, TGF-β1 has stimulated fibroblasts to better reconstruct the extracellular matrix at wound place.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3834722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4452276/
Bergamot oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory
Contains: Terpenes | Citral | Linalool
A study evaluated the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activity of two alcoholic flavonoid-rich extracts from bergamot peel on human vessel endothelial cells (HUVECs) exposed to the pleiotropic inflammatory cytokine TNF-α, a model of vascular oxidative stress, and it was showed that both extracts prevented the oxidative stress induced by TNF-α, modulated the activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors NF-κB, thus increasing the cell survival.
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Walnut oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty acids
Increased intakes of dietary ALA elicit antiinflammatory effects by inhibiting IL-6, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha production in cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Changes in PBMC ALA and eicosapentaenoic acid (derived from dietary ALA) are associated with beneficial changes in TNF-alpha release. Walnuts are an excellent source of γ-tocopherol, and there is evidence that the liver hydroxylation and oxidation products of this form of vitamin E are potent free radical scavengers and reduce pro-inflammatory eicosanoids and the inflammatory response.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24817646
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26713565
Rose hip oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty acids | Polyphenols
The anti-aging effect of rose hip is due to its activity as PPAR-α agonist. PPAR-α is involved in inflammatory processes, its activation leading to an inhibition of pro-inflammatory genes expression like matrix metalloproteases (MMP). The normal function of MMP consists of degrading components of extracellular matrix. Consequently, MMPs also play a key role in photoaging, whose synthesis is increased after UV exposure.
Source
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10942912.2013.777075
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5485961/
Sea buckthorn
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Fatty acids | Polyphenols
Linolic acid found in sea-buckthorn oil plays a significant role in skin. It strengthens the lipid barrier of the epidermis in dry skin and protects against transepidermal water loss. Additionally, LA regulates skin metabolism. In patients with acne prone skin a decrease in the content of linolic acid in sebum was noted. As a result blackheads and spots form. Linolic acid used in the care of oily and problematic skin can stimulate the function of sebaceous glands, unblock pores and limit the number of blackheads.
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Clove oil
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Eugenol
Ethanol and aqueous extracts of clove and lavender at concentrations of 20, 40 and 60 µg/mL showed inhibitions up to 95% when tested as metal quelants, superoxide radical capture and scavenging of the DPPH radical. The powerful antioxidant activity of both extracts may be attributed to the strong hydrogen donating ability, metal chelating ability and scavanging of free radicals, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide
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Bakuchiol
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Terpenes
Bakuchiol was found to function as a analogue to retinol without its disadvantages. Further retinol-like similarities were confirmed from the upregulation of types I and IV collagen in DNA microarray study and also the stimulation of type III collagen in the mature fibroblast model. After a 12-week treatment, the extract showed significant antiaging effects on all areas of concern, without usual retionol undesirable effects.
Source
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/A-Subject-no-M572-Right-view-Pre-application-B-Subject-no-M572-Right-view_fig1_259958456
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24471735
Rosemary
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Hair Growth
Contains: Phenolic acids
In a 6 month study, rosemary had similar hair growth performance as minoxidil but with lower frequency of scalp-itching. In another study, the oil showed significant improvement in treatment of alopecia areata.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25842469
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/319444.php
https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Promotion-of-hair-growth-by-Rosmarinus-officinalis-Murata-Noguchi/d8ab3bb3b39882514935211a4558bbe96efdfe77
Squalane
Properties: Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Terpenes
Because squalane has similar molecular structure to the human sebum, it deeply penetrates into the inner layers of the skin. It acts as a quencher of singlet oxygen, protecting human skin surface from lipid peroxidation due to exposure to UV irradation, and other sources of ionizing radiation.
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Fucus vesiculosus
Properties: Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Polysaccharides
Fucus was found to promote the contraction of fibroblast-populated collagen gels and changes their mechanical properties through increased expression of integrins α2 and β1 on the surface of human skin fibroblasts. In a 5-week study, a topical application of a gel containing 1% extract showed a significant decrease in skin thickness measured by B-mode ultrasound together with a significant improvement in elasticity measured with a cutometer.
Source
Tremella fuciformis
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Polysaccharides
In a 4-week study, Tremella was topically applied to skin. The water holder capacity of the skin was found to be 5 times higher than of the hyaluronic acid. Because the extract is made from smaller particles than hyaluronic acid, it penetrates the skin more easily, having better performances.
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Panax ginseng
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Hair Growth
Contains: Terpenes
Ginseng promote hair growth by enhancing proliferation of dermal papilla and preventing hair loss via modulation of various cell-signaling pathways. In a study it was found that it inhibited the activity of 5α-reductase. Because TGF-β1 induces catagen in hair follicles and acts as a pathogenic mediator of androgenic alopecia, ginseng extract delays the catagen phase and holds the potential to promote hair growth.
Source
Resveratrol
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Polyphenols
It has been shown that resveratrol can stimulate the proliferation of fibroblasts and contributing to the increase in the concentration of collagen III. Resveratrol has an affinity for the estrogen protein receptors (both ERa and ERß), contributing to the stimulation of collagen types I and II production. It also has antioxidant properties, reducing the expression of AP-1 and NF-kB factors.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29737899
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28389713
Red clover
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Hair Growth
Contains: Polyphenols
Red Clover extract was found to prevent hair follicle shrinkage and improve hair anchoring because it reduces the conversion of testosterone into DHT through the inhibition of type 1 and type 2 5-alpha reductase enzymes. It also enhances hair growth through stimulation of ECM protein synthesis.
Source
Saw palmetto
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Hair Growth
Contains: Fatty Acids | Phytosteroids
Saw palmetto extract decreases dihydrotestosterone (DHT) uptake by hair follicle and decrease the binding of DHT to androgenetic receptors. In a study, topically applied extract in lotion and shampoo base for three months led to 35% increase in hair density and 67% increase in sebum reduction assessed by sebometry, pH metry, hydration studies and phototrichogram.
Source
Milk thistle
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Polyphenols
Cosmetic formulations containing milk thistle, vitamin E and other functional ingredients showed visible anti-aging effects on human aged skin. Following a 4-week period of application, skin wrinkles were decreased by 14.07%, elasticity was increased by 8.79%, dermal density showed a 27.63% increase, skin tone indicated a 2.14% increase and 22.39% reduction in redness.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4950680/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29081336
Cacumen Platycladi
Properties: Hair Growth
Contains: Polyphenols
A study showed that cacumen platycladi extract promotes the proliferation of dermal papilla cells. Hair length was longer when treated with the extract than with minoxidil. Also, further observation indicated that it can increase the anagen phase of hair follicles.
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Carob extract
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Polyphenols | Tannins
In a study, results indicated that the decrease in absorbance of the DPPH radical was due to its reduction by different antioxidants present in carob seed extracts. The absorbance decreased because of the loss of the purple color to yellow, as the DPPH radical was scavenged by antioxidants through donation of hydrogen to form stable DPPH-H.
Source
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/327042839_Antioxidant_activity_of_carob_seeds_and_chemical_composition_of_their_bean_gum_by-_products
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267037355_Study_of_the_antioxidant_activity_of_extracts_from_carob_tree_Ceratonia_siliqua_L
https://patents.justia.com/patent/9724292
Pomegranate oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols | Tannins
Because of ellagitannins and hydrosable tannins, pomegranate seed oil has antioxidant potential greater than both antioxidant-rich sources such as red wine and green tea. It can also reduce macrophage oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and free radicals presence. Studies have shown that the extract can also prevents cell growth and induces apoptosis.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4007340/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323738006_Pomegranate_seed_oil_A_comprehensive_review_on_its_therapeutic_effects
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796020/
Amla berry extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Studies have shown that amla scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals, superoxide anions, hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, singlet oxygen, and hypochlorous acid. The containing phytochemicals also reported to possess free-radical-scavenging effects. It was also shown to possess anti-inflammatory effects, inhibiting the strain PAO1-dependent expression of the neutrophil chemokines IL-8, GRO-α, GRO-γ, of the adhesion molecule, ICAM-1, and of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, IL-6.
Source
Grapeseed oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Grape seed extract has reported superior antioxidant effects compared to other well known antioxidants such as vitamin C, E and β-carotene. Proanthocyanidins are strong antioxidants, after penetrating the skin barrier they help maintenance of elastic and the stabilization of collagen. They also greatly reduced hydroxyl and superoxide radicals. Studies have also shown that phytosterols modulate pro-inflammatory mediators.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796020/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/grape-seed-extract
Sweet almond oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Almond oil was shown to prevent structural damage caused by UV irradiation. Glutathione estimation and lipid peroxidation showed that the oil reduced the effect of UV photoaging on the skin. Histopathologic studies indicated also a photoprotective effect on the skin after UV exposure. In another study it was proofed that almond protein hydrolates against inflammatory conditions, therefor helping against skin inflammations such as psoriasis and eczema.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796020/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17348990
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23575976
Ricinus oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Ricinoleic Acid exerts remarkable analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. After being administered for 8 days, visible anti-inflammatory effects were observed on several types of inflammation. This effects was comparable with that obtain with a 10-fold lower dose of capsaicin.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1781768/pdf/11200362.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18080873
Jojoba oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Jojoba oil contains a broad spectrum of fatty acids that have good compatibility with the natural sebum in the skin. It also exhibits a high oxidative stability and resistance to degradation. Because of the high wax esters content, jojoba oil improve skin condition such as seborrheic dermatitis, eczamatous dermatitis, acne.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5796020/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/9027603_Plants_Used_in_Cosmetics
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24442052
Bisabolol
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Terpenes
α-bisabolol has anti-inflmmatory effects due to the inhibition of leukotriene synthesis. It also inhibits 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX). Because it interference with reactive oxygen species, it has proven antioxidant properties.
Source
Olive leaf extract
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Olive leaf extract inhibits the increase in skin thickness caused by UV irradiation. It also inhibits the increase of Ki-67- and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine-positive cell numbers, melanin granule area and matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) expression. In a study, it caused significant increase in collagen fiber deposits and also accelerated re-epithelialization on wounds.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19957248
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3933436/
Kaempferia galanga extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
Kaempferia galanga extract contains ethyl-p-methoxycinnamate, an anti-inflammatory constituent. The extract also inhibits inflammation by suppressing interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-α, and angiogenesis by blocking endothelial functions.
Source
Burdock extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Hair Growth
Contains: Fatty Acids | Tannins
Burdock inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) production, nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway degranulation, release of cysteinyl leukotrienes (Cys-LTs) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). It also suppress pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.
Source
Green tea extract
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Polyphenols
Green tea extract reinforces the lipid barrier by stimulating the formation of ceramides and sphingolipids in the skin. It has inhibitory effects against tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced lipid peroxidation. The containing crude catechins reduced the formation of peroxides far more effectively than dl-α-tocopherol.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2855614/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/9027603_Plants_Used_in_Cosmetics
Geranium sibiricum
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty acids | Polyphenols | Terpenes
In a study, treatment with geranium sibiricum extract proliferated and migrated human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) more than treatment of minoxidil. It significantly stimulated the expression of Ki-67 protein and the mRNA levels of hepatocyte growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor in hDPCs. Moreover, histological morphology of hair follicles demonstrated an active anagen phase.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5307826/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309732019_Chemotaxonomic_and_anatomical_differences_between_some_species_of_the_genus_Geranium_L_of_flora_of_Ukraine
Apricot kernel oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
In a study, apricot kernel methanol extract inhibited lipid peroxidation by 68.6%, followed by the water extract demonstrated 66.3% inhibition. Both methanol and water extracts showed high DPPH scavenging activities, with 89.9% and 87.7% respectively.
Source
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4314870/
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0100-879X2009000400006&script=sci_arttext&tlng=es
Macadamia oil
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant | Moisturizer
Contains: Fatty acids
It was found that macadamia oil contains high concentrations of palmitoleic acid, that plays an important role in protection against lipid peroxidation damage. While it is naturally secreted by sebaceous glands, with age its production is reduced.
Because of its superior spreading coefficient, it posses good afterfeel and manifests excelent emollient capacity.
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Mimosa tenuiflora extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Alkaloids | Tannins
In a study, direct application of Mimosa tenuiflora extract increased the level of IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Inflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, and TNF-α) were all dramatically repressed following exposure to IL-10 through the suppression of NF-κB activation. In another study, it was demonstrated that sakuranetin reduced the Th2 pro-inflammatory cytokines antioxidative stress.
Source
Snow algae
Properties: Antioxidant
Contains: Fatty Acids | Polyphenols
In a study, Chlamydomonas nivalis cells were irradiated with UV rays. 5 days of UV-A light resulted in 5-12% increase of phenolics, while 7 days of UV-C resulted in a 12-24% increase. Also, Antioxidant protection factor increased after exposure of the algae cells with UV-A irradiation.
Source
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1008178208949
https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/nph.15701
Ashwagandha root extract
Properties: Antiinflammatory | Antioxidant
Contains: Alkaloids | Fatty acids
Because of the Wihaferin A, it undergoes hydrolysis and other reduction/oxidation reactions followed by conjugation to glutathione, glucuronides or sulfates. Studies found that the anti-inflammatory properties of compound are attributable to directly targeting cysteine 179 of IKK-β leading to the inhibition of NF-kB activity. It has also shown COX-2 inhibitory activity.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3252722/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4899165/